中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (39): 5919-5928.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.39.022

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    

腰椎棘突间撑开装置生物力学及有限元分析的研究与进展

熊 洋,俞 兴   

  1. 北京中医药大学东直门医院骨科,北京市 100700
  • 修回日期:2016-08-08 出版日期:2016-09-23 发布日期:2016-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 俞兴,教授,博士生导师,主任医师,北京中医药大学东直门医院骨科,北京市 100700
  • 作者简介:熊洋,男,1988年生,湖北省咸丰县人,土家族,北京中医药大学第一临床医学院硕士在读,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    2012教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0249)

Research progress of biomechanics and finite element analysis of lumbar interspinous devices

Xiong Yang, Yu Xing   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • Revised:2016-08-08 Online:2016-09-23 Published:2016-09-23
  • Contact: Yu Xing, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • About author:Xiong Yang, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • Supported by:

     the New Century Talent Supporting Project of Education Ministry in 2012, No. NCET-10-0249

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
棘突间撑开装置:棘突间撑开装置设计各异,从固定垫片类到动态仿弹簧类装置,其构成材料也不尽相同,包括钛合金、聚醚醚酮以及弹性化合物等。其通过减少关节突关节负荷,恢复椎间孔高度以及在保留治疗节段的活动性的前提下,提供足够的稳定性。在置入节段使其保留一定范围的活动性,由此避免或限制了融合诱导的邻近节段超负荷承重和早期退变。
有限元分析:运用计算机三维模型,从结构、形态、弹性模量上模拟人体腰椎节段,并进行屈伸、侧弯、旋转活动,通过应力云图直观显示在不同位置棘突间撑开装置、椎体置入节段及临近节段各部位的应力分布情况,对棘突间撑开装置置入前后的腰椎节段局部应力分布变化可进行直观比较,也为新装置的研发提供便利。有限元分析结果为临床假体应用、并发症的出现提供了一定的数据参考,假体最终的临床疗效仍需要大样本、长期随访结果支持。
 
摘要
背景:非融合技术在临床应用日益广泛,棘突间撑开装置便是其中重要的一员,与传统融合技术相比具有独特的生物力学优势,随着假体设计和植入技术不断改进,在未来具有更广阔的应用前景。
目的:对腰椎棘突间撑开装置的生物力学及有限元分析研究进展进行综述。 
方法:第一作者以“腰椎,棘突间装置,生物力学,有限元分析”检索CNKI数据库、万方数据库,以“Lumbar spine,Interspinous devices,Biomechanics,Finite element analysis”检索PubMed数据库、SpringerLink数据库。纳入有关腰椎棘突间撑开装置生物力学分析或有限元分析的研究,排除重复研究。通过阅读摘要初步筛选,共选取44篇文献进行综述,其中中文8篇,英文36篇。
结果与结论:①就生物力学研究而言,几种临床较为常见的棘突间撑开装置都可以通过限制屈伸活动增加置入节段矢状面的稳定性,对相应节段的侧弯和旋转无影响或影响较小;②不同植入物尺寸、置入位置对置入节段和邻近节段影响的研究报道较少;③三维有限元分析通过应力云图可直观分析棘突间撑开装置置入前后椎间盘、椎板峡部和小关节等结构承受应力分布的变化。生物力学研究及有限元分析均证实,棘突间撑开装置对椎间盘、小关节有明显分担负荷作用,同时对邻近节段的活动、应力没有产生明显影响;④提示棘突间撑开装置短期生物力学优越性明显,其长期生物力学优势仍需进一步深入研究。有限元分析可以模拟不同在体力学环境,分析棘突间撑开装置置入后不同研究对象力学分布变化,是一种较为有效的评估棘突间撑开装置力学作用机制的手段。

ORCID: 0000-0001-9977-5866(熊洋)

 

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 腰椎, 棘突间撑开装置, 生物力学, 有限元分析, 应力

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The lumbar interspinous device, as a kind of non-fusion technology has been extensively applied in the clinic and exerts superiority in biomechanics compared with the traditional fusion technology. With the development of prosthesis design and impanation technology, it reveals a better application prospect.

OBJECTIVE: To review the biomechanics and finite element analysis of lumbar interspinous devices.
METHODS: The first author retrieved the databases of CNKI, WanFang, PubMed and SpringerLink using the keywords of “lumbar spine, interspinous devices, biomechanics, finite element analysis” in Chinese and English, respectively. Researches related to the biomechanics and finite element analysis of lumbar interspinous devices were included and repeated researches were excluded. A total of 44 literatures were enrolled for review, including 8 Chinese and 36 English literatures.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Biomechanically, several interpinous devices, which are commonly used in the clinic, can increase the stability of the implanted segment in sagittal alignment by limiting the range of flexion-extension, with no significant change in lateral bending and axial rotation. (2) Few studies analyze the influence of the implant size and placement on the implanted segment and on the adjacent segments. (3) Through the stress nephogram, three-dimension finite element analysis can intuitively analyze the changes of the stress distribution in the intervertebral disc, isthmus and facet joints before and after implantation. Both biomechanical studies and finite element analysis indicate that interspinous devices can share the load of the disc and facet joints, and at the same time, make no effect on the range of motion and stress of the adjacent segment. (4) In conclusion, the short-term biomechanical advantage of the interspinous devices is obvious, but further studies are needed. The finite element analysis can simulate different body physical environment, and can analyze mechanical distribution changes after implantation, which is an effective way to evaluate the mechanical mechanism of the interspinous devices.

 

Key words: Lumbar Vertebrae, Biomechanics, Finite Element Analysis, Stress, Mechanical, Tissue Engineering

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